Abstract: The Wetland Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China, passed at the 32th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress on December 24, 2021, and it will come into force on June 1, 2022. The term 'wetland ecosystem' will be defined officially by law on the national level for the first time from an integrity perspective. The definition basically comes from Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat. In the new passed law, wetlands 'with significant ecological functions' refers to those listed in the red line of ecological protection; and habitat of national as well as provincial key protected species distributed outside the red line of ecological protection. Besides, considering the practical needs of conservation and wise use of the wetlands in China, the 'paddy field and artificial aquaculture waters and tidal flats' are excluded. The current work also discusses the wetland classification system of the wetland conservation law, including river wetlands, lake wetlands, swamps, coastal wetland and artificial wetlands. According to the third national land survey, the area of the wetlands increased a little compared with that of the second national wetland resources inventory. The main reason is that the minimum survey area of the second national wetland resources inventory is 8 ha, while the minimum survey area of the third national land survey is 600 m². Finally, it points out the key direction of the revision of provincial wetland conservation regulations and the construction of supporting systems from the aspects of wetland definition, management system, basic system, special provisions and legal responsibilities.