Abstract:
Coastal wetlands in the Liaohe River estuary provide important stopover sites for shorebirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway routine. Land reclamation has disturbed natural wetlands along coastal region in the Liaohe River estuary in the last few decades and how it impacts on the quality and area of shorebird habitat was not clear. We used the habitat quality module of InVEST model and landscape pattern indices to analyze the spatial-temporal changes in habitat quality and area based on the remote images during last 40 years along the coastal wetland in the Liaohe River estuary. The quality and area of shorebird habitat declined obviously, the mean patch area and the aggregation index of shorebird habitat declined, and the patch density of shorebird habitat increased from 1980 to 2023. The spatial regions of habitat change mainly distributed in coastal wetlands. Comparing the difference between before and after of the impact of returning aquaculture to natural wetlands on shorebird habitat, the habitat quality, habitat area, mean patch area and aggregation index of shorebird habitat significantly decreased, and the patch density increased from 1980 to 2015. In contrast, these indices had inverse change characteristics from 2015 to 2023. It is important to prohibit wetland reclamation and continuously conduct conservation and restoration actions.