Abstract: Turions are important dormant organs for nutrient storage in Potamogeton crispus, serving as the primary mode of reproduction and population expansion for this species. A comprehensive understanding of turions formation mechanism of P. crispus is crucial for studying the life history of P. crispus and the ecology of submerged macrophytes populations. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of turions production in P. crispus from environmental factors and endogenous hormones perspectives, with the following key findings: under environmental pressure, P. crispus exhibits trade-off between the turion quantity or biomass allocation, as well as between buoyant or sinking turion strategies. Light-temperature interactions are critical drivers of the turion formation, with light exerting a dominant regulatory role. Moderate enrichment in sediment or water columns will boost the number or weight of turion, alongside significantly improved clonal propagation capacity. In contrast, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water inhibit turion formation. Among endogenous hormones, abscisic acid plays a pivotal role as key regulator initiating turion formation. This study proposes future research directions on the mechanisms of turion formation in P. crispus from environmental factors, endogenous hormones, and molecular mechanisms perspectives, which will provide a critical foundation for understanding of the development trends of submerged macrophyte under the combined impacts of climate change and human activities.