Abstract: Understanding the baseline status of bird resources and species diversity in wetland parks is essential for the scientific conservation and management of wetland bird populations. Bird surveys were conducted in the Xianyang Lake National Wetland Park, Shimen, Hunan Province, using line transect and point count methods from January 2015 to October 2015 and from January 2020 to October 2021. During these periods, 195 bird species, belonging to 16 orders and 52 families, were recorded. This included 3 species of national first-class protected wildlife (Mergus squamatus, Aquila chrysaetos, and Emberiza aureola) and 26 species of national second-class protected wildlife (Cygnus columbianus, Aix galericulata, and Nettapus coromandelianus). The bird community comprised 100 resident species, 42 summer migrants, 33 winter migrants, and 20 passage migrants. Fauna analysis of 142 breeding bird species revealed 92 oriental species, 29 palearctic species, and 21 widespread species. The bird species diversity index was highest in spring (4.113) and lowest in winter (3.682). The evenness index was highest in winter (0.843) and lowest in summer (0.833), while the dominance index was highest in winter (0.034) and lowest in spring (0.024). Among different habitats, the bird species diversity index was highest in grassy wetlands (4.187) and lowest in reservoir wetlands (3.566). The evenness index was highest in broadleaf forests (0.882) and lowest in shrub-dominated flooded areas (0.822), and the dominance index was highest in shrub-dominated flooded areas (0.039) and lowest in riverine wetlands (0.021). These results indicate that the Xianyang Lake National Wetland Park in Shimen, Hunan Province, exhibits relatively high bird species diversity. However, the proportion of waterbirds is comparatively low, likely due to the unique characteristics of its water-forest composite ecosystem. It is recommended to further strengthen bird conservation and population management efforts within the wetland park and mitigate the impact of human activities.