Abstract: The ecological environment of the plateau wetland is fragile and vulnerable to external interferences, which leads to changes in wetland structure and ecological functions. The existing plateau wetland ecological security assessment involves relatively few wetland types and climatic zones, which limits the understanding of the ecological security status of plateau wetlands and the formulation of relevant protection policies. Yunnan Province is located in the plateau region, with a significant three-dimensional climate and diverse wetland types. It is of great significance to study the ecological security of wetlands in Yunnan Province across different climatic zones. Using remote sensing data, Yunnan statistical yearbook data, social and economic data, etc., an improved traditional Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model was constructed. The evaluation indicators was weighted by the double weight method combining the entropy weight method and the expert method, and the fuzzy matter-element method was used to evaluate the wetland ecological security of Yunnan Province in 2016. The results showed that the areas with the highest wetland ecological security index were distributed in Nujiang, Diqing in the northwest and Xishuangbanna in the south of Yunnan Province, while the lowest areas were in Qujing, Zhaotong in the northeast and Baoshan in the west of Yunnan Province. There were differences in the influencing factors of wetland ecological security among different states or cities, mainly related to the diversity of climate types in different regions. Climatic factors and human activities jointly affected the ecological security of plateau wetlands in Yunnan Province. The main influencing factors were the proportion of natural wetlands, annual average temperature, the proportion of secondary industry, annual precipitation, ecological service value per unit area of wetlands, the intensity of fertilizer application and the reuse rate of industrial water. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that climate factors and human disturbances were the main influencing factors of wetland ecological security in Yunnan Province, and their influence rates were close. The deterioration of water quality caused by human disturbance was the key factor affecting the wetland ecological security of Yunnan plateau wetlands. Therefore, mitigating the impact of human disturbances on wetland water quality is the key to achieving local wetland protection. The research results can provide a basis for the decision-making on ecological security construction of plateau wetlands across multi-climatic zones, and provide data support for the protection and ecological security of plateau wetlands.